Wear-resistant alloy plates generally need to be hardened for wear resistance, and martensitic structures must be obtained on the surface and core. However, the microstructure transformation of the surface and the center of the wear-resistant alloy plate is not carried out at the same time. During quenching, the surface cools quickly, and the austenite to martensite transformation occurs first. When the surface martensite transformation is completed, the center begins to occur. Martensitic transformation. Due to the large specific volume of martensite, the formed structural stress forms tensile stress at the surface and compressive stress at the core. At the same time, due to the asynchrony of cooling, the thermal stress is the surface compressive stress and the core tensile stress.

Cracks originate in the core and expand radially to the periphery. Most of these cracks occur in unhardened wear-resistant alloy plates. A stress peak forms at the interface of hardened and unhardened, where cracks originate. The characteristics of the internal stress that form this type of crack are the compressive stress on the surface of the wear-resistant alloy plate, which becomes tensile stress at a distance from the surface, and the peak value of the tensile stress is the axial stress. Such cracks are prone to occur during the quenching treatment of large metallurgical rolls.